Certified Ambulatory Perianesthesia Nurse (CAPA) Practice Exam

In the case of an opioid overdose, what is the role of naloxone?

1. It enhances the effects of opioids

2. It reverses opioid effects

3. It maintains sedation

4. It reduces anxiety

The correct answer is: It reverses opioid effects

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist, which means its primary role is to reverse the effects of opioids. In cases of opioid overdose, opioids bind to the brain's receptor sites and can lead to respiratory depression, sedation, and potentially death. Naloxone competes for these same receptor sites but does not activate them, effectively displacing the opioids and reversing their effects. This re-establishment of normal breathing and consciousness is critical in emergency situations. By counteracting the sedative effects and restoring normal respiratory function, naloxone plays a vital role in emergency medicine and in treating individuals at risk of opioid overdose. In contrast, other options do not align with the pharmacological actions of naloxone, as it does not enhance opioid effects, maintain sedation, or reduce anxiety. Its unique action is specifically designed to counteract the life-threatening consequences of opioid overdoses.